ijºñëîâà ç ïîñòô³êñîì – ñÿ. The reflexive verb

 

Äå âè íà÷àºòåñÿ?

 

â÷èòèñÿ ²²

ÿê?

íàâ÷àòèñÿ ²

äå? (Ì)

Ùî ðîáëÿòü ñòóäåíòè?

Ñòóäåíòè â÷àòüñÿ äîáðå.

Ñòóäåíòè íàâ÷àþòüñÿ â óí³âåðñèòåò³.

 

The reflexive verb is a the verb used with the reflexive particle “ñÿ”:  â÷èòè (to teach) – â÷èòèñÿ (to study), íàâ÷àòè (to teach) – íàâ÷àòèñÿ (to learn). The particle “ñÿ” is fixed to the verb and unchangeable.  It shows that the action expressed by the verb is directed to the subject, i.e., the doer of that action. Verbs with the particle “ñÿ” is conjugate in the same way as the simple verb, but for a little change in the ending of the 3d person singular, which always has the final «-òü-».

 

Ïðèéìåííèê: ó/â, íà

 

Âèâ÷àéòå êîíñòðóêö³¿. Learn the construction.

-         Äå âè çàðàç?  -  Ìè â óí³âåðñèòåò³.

-         Äå âîíè?Âîíè íà êàí³êóëàõ.

 

Íàçèâíèé â³äì³íîê (Í)

̳ñöåâèé â³äì³íîê (Ì)

Öå õòî

Öå ùî

Õòî / ùî äå

Öå ñòóäåíò.

Öå Àì³ð.

Öå ä³â÷èíà.

Öå ëåêö³ÿ.

Öå óí³âåðñèòåò.

Öå ñò³ë.

Ñòóäåíòè íà ëåêö³¿.

Àì³ð â óí³âåðñèòåò³.

Ðó÷êà íà ñòîë³.

Ðó÷êà â/ó ñòîë³.

 

â/ó + ì³ñöå

íà + ïîä³ÿ (ì³ñöå)

â/ó äåêàíàò³

ó/â êîðïóñ³

â Óêðà¿í³

íà çàíÿòò³

íà êàí³êóëàõ

! íà âóëèö³

 

Preposition Â/Ó is used: 1) when the subject / person is inside something: â/ó ê³ìíàò³ (in the room), 2) with the names of the countries, cities: â/ó Êèºâ³ (in Kiev), 3) with some names of the open space: â/ó ïàðêó (in the park); the preposition ÍÀ is used: 1) when the object / person is on the open surface: íà âóëèö³ (on the street), 2) with the names of parts of the world: íà çàõîä³ (in the west), 3) with the names of some buildings and their parts: íà ïîâåðñ³ (on the floor), 4) with the names of events: íà êîíöåðò³ (on the concert).

 

̳ñöåâèé â³äì³íîê ³ìåííèêà

 

гä

Íàçèâíèé â³äì³íîê (Í)

õòî? ùî?

̳ñöåâèé â³äì³íîê (Ì)

äå?

Çàê³í÷åííÿ

(Í)

(Ì)

÷îëîâ³÷èé ð³ä

óí³âåðñèòåò

ìóçåé

â óí³âåðñèòåò³

â/ó ìóçå¿

-

-¿

æ³íî÷èé ð³ä

ê³ìíàòà

âóëèöÿ

àóäèòîð³ÿ

â³äïîâ³äü

â/ó ê³ìíàò³

íà âóëèö³

â àóäèòîð³¿

ó â³äïîâ³ä³

-ÿ

-ÿ

-³ÿ

-³¿

ñåðåäí³é ð³ä

ì³ñòî

ì³ñöå

çàíÿòòÿ

â/ó ì³ñò³

íà ì³ñö³

íà çàíÿòò³

-ÿ

ìíîæèíà

äåêàíàòè

ê³ìíàòè

âóëèö³

ñëîâà

çàâäàííÿ

êàí³êóëè

â/ó äåêàíàòàõ

â/ó ê³ìíàòàõ

íà âóëèöÿõ

ó ñëîâàõ

â/ó çàâäàííÿõ

íà êàí³êóëàõ

-ÿ

-àõ

-àõ

-ÿõ

-àõ

-ÿõ

-àõ

 

   Çàïàì’ÿòàéòå:

1)    -ê(î) – -ó: ïàðê – ó ïàðêó, ë³æêî – íà ë³æêó, ë³òàê – â ë³òàêó, áàíê – ó áàíêó, áóäèíîê – â áóäèíêó.

Àëå óðîê – íà óðîö³, Êðèì – ó Êðèìó.

2)   ÷åðãóâàííÿ: ê/ö, ã/ç, õ/ñ: ðóêà â ðóö³, êíèæêà ó êíèæö³[ç'ö']; Ðèãà – ó Ðèç³, äîðîãà – íà äîðîç³; ïîâåðõ – íà ïîâåðñ³.

3)   ÷åðãóâàííÿ ó êîðåí³: ³/î, ³/å, ¿/º: ñò³ë – íà ñòîë³, ïàï³ð – íà ïàïåð³, Êàí³â ó Êàíåâ³, Õàðê³â ó Õàðêîâ³, Êè¿â ó Êèºâ³.

4)   âèïàäàííÿ ãîëîñíîãî: ï³âäåíü íà ï³âäí³, ñò³ëåöü íà ñò³ëüö³.