ijºñëîâà ç ïîñòô³êñîì – ñÿ. The
reflexive verb
Äå âè íà÷àºòåñÿ?
â÷èòèñÿ ²² ÿê? |
íàâ÷àòèñÿ ² äå? (Ì) |
Ùî ðîáëÿòü ñòóäåíòè? |
|
Ñòóäåíòè â÷àòüñÿ äîáðå. |
Ñòóäåíòè íàâ÷àþòüñÿ
â óí³âåðñèòåò³. |
The reflexive verb is a the verb used with the reflexive particle “ñÿ”: â÷èòè (to teach) – â÷èòèñÿ (to study), íàâ÷àòè (to teach) – íàâ÷àòèñÿ (to learn). The particle “ñÿ” is fixed to the verb and
unchangeable. It shows that the action
expressed by the verb is directed to the subject, i.e., the doer of that
action. Verbs with the particle “ñÿ”
is conjugate in the same way as the simple verb, but for a little change in the
ending of the 3d person singular, which always has the final «-òü-».
Ïðèéìåííèê: ó/â, íà |
Âèâ÷àéòå êîíñòðóêö³¿. Learn
the construction.
-
Äå âè
çàðàç? - Ìè â
óí³âåðñèòåò³.
-
Äå âîíè? – Âîíè íà êàí³êóëàõ.
Íàçèâíèé â³äì³íîê
(Í) |
̳ñöåâèé â³äì³íîê
(Ì) |
|
Öå õòî |
Öå ùî |
Õòî / ùî äå |
Öå ñòóäåíò. Öå Àì³ð. Öå ä³â÷èíà. |
Öå ëåêö³ÿ. Öå óí³âåðñèòåò. Öå ñò³ë. |
Ñòóäåíòè íà ëåêö³¿. Àì³ð â óí³âåðñèòåò³. Ðó÷êà íà ñòîë³. Ðó÷êà â/ó ñòîë³. |
â/ó + ì³ñöå |
íà + ïîä³ÿ (ì³ñöå) |
â/ó äåêàíàò³ ó/â êîðïóñ³ â Óêðà¿í³ |
íà çàíÿòò³ íà êàí³êóëàõ ! íà âóëèö³ |
Preposition Â/Ó
is used: 1) when the subject / person is inside something: â/ó ê³ìíàò³ (in
the room), 2) with the names of the countries, cities: â/ó Êèºâ³ (in
Kiev), 3) with some names of the open space: â/ó ïàðêó (in
the park); the preposition ÍÀ is used: 1) when the object / person
is on the open surface: íà
âóëèö³ (on
the street), 2) with the names of parts of the world: íà çàõîä³ (in
the west), 3) with the names of some buildings and their parts: íà ïîâåðñ³ (on
the floor), 4) with the names of events: íà êîíöåðò³ (on
the concert).
̳ñöåâèé â³äì³íîê ³ìåííèêà
гä |
Íàçèâíèé â³äì³íîê
(Í) õòî? ùî? |
̳ñöåâèé â³äì³íîê
(Ì) äå? |
Çàê³í÷åííÿ |
|
(Í) |
(Ì) |
|||
÷îëîâ³÷èé ð³ä |
óí³âåðñèòåò ìóçåé |
â óí³âåðñèòåò³ â/ó ìóçå¿ |
- -é |
-³ -¿ |
æ³íî÷èé ð³ä |
ê³ìíàòà âóëèöÿ àóäèòîð³ÿ â³äïîâ³äü |
â/ó ê³ìíàò³ íà âóëèö³ â àóäèòî𳿠ó â³äïîâ³ä³ |
-ÿ -ÿ -³ÿ -ü |
-³ -³ -³¿ -³ |
ñåðåäí³é ð³ä |
ì³ñòî ì³ñöå çàíÿòòÿ |
â/ó ì³ñò³ íà ì³ñö³ íà çàíÿòò³ |
-î -å -ÿ |
-³ -³ -³ |
ìíîæèíà |
äåêàíàòè ê³ìíàòè âóëèö³ ñëîâà çàâäàííÿ êàí³êóëè |
â/ó äåêàíàòàõ â/ó ê³ìíàòàõ íà âóëèöÿõ ó ñëîâàõ â/ó çàâäàííÿõ íà êàí³êóëàõ |
-è -è -³ -à -ÿ -è |
-àõ -àõ -ÿõ -àõ -ÿõ -àõ |
1)
-ê(î) – -ó: ïàðê – ó ïàðêó, ë³æêî – íà ë³æêó,
ë³òàê – â ë³òàêó,
áàíê – ó áàíêó, áóäèíîê – â áóäèíêó.
Àëå óðîê – íà óðîö³,
Êðèì – ó Êðèìó.
2)
÷åðãóâàííÿ: ê/ö, ã/ç, õ/ñ: ðóêà – â ðóö³, êíèæêà – ó êíèæö³[ç'ö']; Ðèãà – ó Ðèç³, äîðîãà – íà äîðîç³;
ïîâåðõ – íà ïîâåðñ³.
3)
÷åðãóâàííÿ ó êîðåí³: ³/î, ³/å, ¿/º: ñò³ë – íà ñòîë³, ïàï³ð – íà ïàïåð³, Êàí³â – ó Êàíåâ³, Õàðê³â – ó Õàðêîâ³, Êè¿â – ó Êèºâ³.
4)
âèïàäàííÿ ãîëîñíîãî: ï³âäåíü – íà ï³âäí³, ñò³ëåöü – íà ñò³ëüö³.